Friday, July 20, 2018


July 20, 2018 Friday

Bedtime Story 


Understanding Geometrical Symmetry


We shall continue to study the mathematical ideas of symmetry tonight.

Last night I had told you that the terms “operations” or “transformations” concerning symmetry are somewhat similar and are best described in terms of a function or mapping.

Similarly, the terms “symmetry” and “invariance” are used interchangeably, though “invariance” is often encountered in relativistic physics.

By now, you would not be surprised if I tell you that a geometric object can be symmetric in ways more than one.

For instance, take a simple geometric object such as circle.

The circle if you were to rotate it by any radians, such as pi, pi/2, pi/4 would remain unchanged and hence is symmetric under the operation or transformation of rotation.

There is yet another operation under which the circle will remain unchanged and that is reflection.

If a circle is reflected on a mirror, it will still remain unchanged and hence it is also symmetric under the operation of reflection.

Also, the possibility of symmetry will also depend on what kind of geometric transformations or operations are available to that particular object.

With this idea came the concept of mathematical groups in symmetries.

All the set of transformations under which an object maintains its symmetry form a group that is called the symmetry group of the object.

The most common group of symmetries in the Euclidean group of symmetries is the distance-preserving transformations in space occurring in two-dimensions (plane geometry) and three-dimensions (solid-geometry).

Such distance-preserving transformation between metric-spaces is known as isometry.

These isometries are translations, reflections, rotations or the combination of three.

Any symmetric object maintains its symmetry under a subgroup of all isometries.

Such type of geometrical symmetries in two-dimensions and three-dimensions are fairly easy to imagine for a mind of an average ape.

Now let us see how symmetries are applicable to abstract algebra where an average mind would hardly think symmetry is applicable.

A symmetrical polynomial is such a polynomial with n variables where interchanging of any of the variables results in the same polynomial.

This sentence can be written mathematically as follows.

Initially it sounds scary, but as you get to understand how mathematicians talk in their language, it begins to feel strangely very sensible.

We shall study the mathematical translation of the symmetrical polynomial in the nights to come.

Stay tuned to the voice of an average story storytelling chimpanzee or login at http://panarrans.blogspot.com
                              
Good night Mon Ami and my fellow cousin ape.
                           
  
                

             












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Another great educator and a teacher that I am aware of is Professor Subhashish Chattopadhyay in Bangalore, India.

While I narrate stories, Professor Subhashish an electronic engineer and a former professor at BARC, does and teaches real mathematics and physics.

He started the participation of Indian students at the International Physics Olympiad.

Do visit him here:


All his books can be downloaded for free through this link:


For edutainment and English education of your children, I recommend this large collection of Halloween Songs for Kids:



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