Tuesday, February 26, 2019


February 26, 2019 Tuesday

Bedtime Story 


Zea mays vs Drosophilia melanogaster


Tonight we shall continue with the first paragraph of the 1950 paper of Barbara McClintock that was published in PNAS titled “The origin and behavior of multiple loci in maize”.

“The terms mutable genes, unstable genes, variegation, mosaicism, mutable loci or “position effect” have been applied to this phenomenon.

Its occurrence in a wide variety of organism has been recognized.

The most extensive investigations of this phenomenon have been undertaken in Drosophilia melanogaster.

In this organism, the conditions associated with the origin of genic instability have been well defined.

The part played by the heterochromatic materials of the chromosomes, in inducing and controlling the type of variegation and its time and frequency of occurrence, has been established.

It has not been generally recognized that the instability of genic expression in other organisms may be essentially the same as that occurring in Drosophilia.”

Note the use of the word “genic” as contrast to today’s genetic which reflects that genetics was at its extremely nascent stage then.

Drosophilia melanogaster as you would be aware is the common fruit fly though it is neither very commonly seen nor is it truly a fruit fly in any meaningful way.

It has been one of the most famous subjects of study by the geneticists with eight Nobel Prizes been conferred for work done on this organism which is largely a pest for humans.

The American entomologist who founded and established the Entomology Department at the University of California, Berkeley was the first person to propose this rather unattractive fly to be the model organism for genetic researchers.

Considering from the way genetics has evolved after him there is no doubt that his suggestion was taken seriously.

It is important that you as an ape understand the concept behind the model organism for it has profound implications.

Model organism is any non-human species that is extensively studied by us apes with the hope that what will be discovered in them will be and can be broadly generalized to the biological systems of others organisms with humans being the prime beneficiary eventually.

They also serve as in vivo models on which experimentation is conducted for medical reasons when it is not feasible to do so on humans or not recommended on us apes on ethical grounds.   

A lot of medicines that you consume and on which we survive have come through such experimentations.

But why do you think this kind of modeling works?

What is the basis for constituting the concept of model organism?

This, Mon Ami, is evolution by natural selection and thereby common descent of all living organisms.

Stay tuned to the voice of an average story storytelling chimpanzee or login at http://panarrans.blogspot.com
                              
Good night Mon Ami and my fellow cousin ape.
                           
  
                

             












Advertisements

Another great educator and a teacher that I am aware of is Professor Subhashish Chattopadhyay in Bangalore, India.

While I narrate stories, Professor Subhashish an electronic engineer and a former professor at BARC, does and teaches real mathematics and physics.

He started the participation of Indian students at the International Physics Olympiad.

Do visit him here:


All his books can be downloaded for free through this link:


For edutainment and English education of your children, I recommend this large collection of Halloween Songs for Kids:



No comments:

Post a Comment