Sunday, July 30, 2017

July 30, 2017 Sunday

Bedtime Story 


The Concept of "Well-Formedness" in Natural Languages



You may scoff at the banality of the Convention-T and it really does look overdone.

This is so because both the object language and the metalanguage are the same; same as in English language.

Now have a look at this sentence.

“Roza krasnaya” is true if, and only if, rose is red.

In the above sentence where the object language is Russian and the metalanguage is English perhaps it appears to our mind more sensible and meaningful.

Now it must be made clear that when Tarski originally conceived of this idea, he had meant to be applicable only to formal languages and not to natural languages.

After having discussed so much about formal calculus, you can surely guess what a formal language would look like.

Yes, exactly like the Principia Mathematica.

A formal language is a set of strong of symbols along with very specific set of rules.

It needs to be emphasized that all such ideas of formalizing mathematics and language has its origins in the Begriffsschrift, the book on logic penned down by Gottlob Frege way back in 1879.

Though the title of the book literally translates as “concept-script”, its more descriptive name would be “a formula language, modeled that on arithmetic and pure thought.”

Why do you think Tarski thought his idea of Convention T was not applicable to the natural languages?

Well, for two very important reasons at least.

First, there is no way of deciding if a sentence of a natural language is well formed.

You may wonder what on earth is meant by “well formed” or rather what is well-formedness.

Well, in a natural language well-formedness refers to that quality when a clause confirms to the grammar.

Clause as you may know, but have forgotten, is the smallest grammatical unit that can express a complete proposition.

And what you may ask is a proposition?

A proposition is a statement that expresses something that is either true or false.

A clause consists of a subject and a predicate.

Now predicate is a complex term with multiple meanings.

It is something that seems very familiar and yet strangely inexplicable.

We have discussed time and again the meaning of predicate from the perspective of mathematical logic.

Now let us examine from the point of linguistics and grammar.

Within linguistics and grammar, there are two competing views.

Stay tuned to the voice of an average story storytelling chimpanzee or login at http://panarrans.blogspot.com
                              
Good night mon ami and my fellow cousin ape.
                           
  
                

             












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Another great educator and a teacher that I am aware of is Professor Subhashish Chattopadhyay in Bangalore, India.

While I narrate stories, Professor Subhashish an electronic engineer and a former professor at BARC, does and teaches real mathematics and physics.

He started the participation of Indian students at the International Physics Olympiad.

Do visit him here:


All his books can be downloaded for free through this link:


For edutainment and English education of your children, I recommend this large collection of Halloween Songs for Kids:

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCd14DRdYKj454znayUIfcAg

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