Wednesday, August 2, 2017

August 02, 2017 Wednesday

Bedtime Story 


Wittgenstein on Properties of Atomic Sentences


As I said last night, an atomic sentence only makes a proposition without invoking logic.

Only the truth or the falsity matters which is not the scope of logic but is the realm of science through the judicious use of empirical evidence.

This has an interesting bearing on the theory of truth and philosophical logic and it is considered by some of the greatest minds that atomic sentences are directly linked to atomic facts.

In my view, atomic sentences are atomic facts that will not contain in them either variables or conjunctions.

Wittgenstein in his Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921) refers to these atomic facts as elementary propositions.

(4.21 The simplest kind of proposition, an elementary proposition, asserts the existence of a state of affairs.)

Bertrand Russell referred to them as atomic proposition in his introduction to the Tractatus.

(A proposition (true or false) asserting an atomic fact is called an atomic proposition).

Wittgenstein thought deeply about this subject of truth and then described the following properties of atomic statements:

[1] If there are any atomic statements, then there have to be corresponding atomic facts.

[2] No atomic sentence can be deduced from any other atomic sentence.

[3] No two atomic sentences are incompatible.

[4] No sets of atomic sentences are self-contradictory.

[5] Conjunction of all true atomic sentences would say all that was the case, in other words, “the world”.

It is from the fifth property of the atomic statement that Wittgenstein derived these immortal words, “The world is all that is the case.”

If you happen to search on the internet for Wittgenstein, there is an extremely high probability that the search engine will generate these words out which are very enigmatic unless you take pain to study in the context that it was written originally.

Taking this to the next level, Wittgenstein had written that the set of all sets of atomic sentences corresponds to the sets of all possible worlds and in his words “all that could be the case”. 

This is all that I have to say about Tarski’s 1933 Polish paper - The Concept of Truth in Formalized Language.

Next we shall move to Tarski’s undefinability theorem that was published just five years following the publication of Gödel’s incompleteness theorems in 1931.

I shall take this new topic in the nights to come.

Stay tuned to the voice of an average story storytelling chimpanzee or login at http://panarrans.blogspot.com
                              
Good night mon ami and my fellow cousin ape.
                           
  
                

             












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Another great educator and a teacher that I am aware of is Professor Subhashish Chattopadhyay in Bangalore, India.

While I narrate stories, Professor Subhashish an electronic engineer and a former professor at BARC, does and teaches real mathematics and physics.

He started the participation of Indian students at the International Physics Olympiad.

Do visit him here:


All his books can be downloaded for free through this link:


For edutainment and English education of your children, I recommend this large collection of Halloween Songs for Kids:

https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCd14DRdYKj454znayUIfcAg

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