Friday, January 5, 2018

January 05, 2018 Friday

Bedtime Story 


Dum Diversas: The Papal Call


Nicholas V intervened and indeed tried to heed the call from the Byzantine Empire.

Now any charter or decree (akin to Islamic fatwa) that is issued by pope of Roman Catholic Church is called papal bull.

The bull is derived from the Latin word bulla which initially referred to seal made out from clay or from any of the soft metals.

The decree that Nicholas V issued on June 18, 1452 in response to the call for help is called Dum Diversas or in English, Until Different.

Just note what Dum Diversas proclaimed.

It authorized the King of Portugal Afonso V who also ruled over large parts of North Africa the right to reduce “Saracens, pagans and any other unbelievers” to “perpetual servitude”.

In short, it was a total unreserved call to initiate a full-fledged crusade against the Ottoman Empire.       

Just have a look what it said:

“We grant you [Kings of Spain and Portugal] by these present documents, with our Apostilic Authority, full and free permission to invade, search out, capture, and subjugate the Saracens and pagans and any other unbelievers and enemies of Christ wherever they may be, as well as their kingdom, duchies, counties, principalities, and other property…

…and to reduce their person to perpetual servitude.”

You may find the term Saracens to be an unfamiliar one.

The word Saraceni has its origin from the Arabic word sariq which means “thief, marauder, or plunderer”.

After the early fifth century, Christian writers used this specific word the same way as a Westerner would use an Arab today.

But by the turn of the eleventh century, Medieval Europeans used this word as today we would use the world Muslim or Islam who were described as black-skinned in contrast to Christians illustrated as light skinned.

In those days, the words “Muslim” or “Islam” was not in fashion.

In short it was an open invitation for Spaniards and Portuguese for a world-wide colonization since this decree was unlimited in its geographical application.

Many historians consider this papal decree to be the most important act that initiated and legitimized colonization by the Medieval European states that would continue on for centuries later mostly for economic exploitation.

It would have a far reaching impact later to the psyche of European mind.

Yet as far as Constantinople and its siege was concerned, Dum Diversas proved to be both too little and too late.

His call for help was not responded enthusiastically and the pontiff failed to unite the Christian powers to come to the aid of the city under siege.

Stay tuned to the voice of an average story storytelling chimpanzee or login at http://panarrans.blogspot.com
                              
Good night mon ami and my fellow cousin ape.
                           
  
                

             












Advertisements

Another great educator and a teacher that I am aware of is Professor Subhashish Chattopadhyay in Bangalore, India.

While I narrate stories, Professor Subhashish an electronic engineer and a former professor at BARC, does and teaches real mathematics and physics.

He started the participation of Indian students at the International Physics Olympiad.

Do visit him here:


All his books can be downloaded for free through this link:


For edutainment and English education of your children, I recommend this large collection of Halloween Songs for Kids:



No comments:

Post a Comment